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+/** @file paex_sine.c
+ @ingroup examples_src
+ @brief Play a sine wave for several seconds.
+ @author Ross Bencina <rossb@audiomulch.com>
+ @author Phil Burk <philburk@softsynth.com>
+*/
+/*
+ * $Id: paex_sine.c 1752 2011-09-08 03:21:55Z philburk $
+ *
+ * This program uses the PortAudio Portable Audio Library.
+ * For more information see: http://www.portaudio.com/
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Ross Bencina and Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include "portaudio.h"
+
+#define NUM_SECONDS (5)
+#define SAMPLE_RATE (44100)
+#define FRAMES_PER_BUFFER (64)
+
+#ifndef M_PI
+#define M_PI (3.14159265)
+#endif
+
+#define TABLE_SIZE (200)
+
+class Sine
+{
+public:
+ Sine() : stream(0), left_phase(0), right_phase(0)
+ {
+ /* initialise sinusoidal wavetable */
+ for( int i=0; i<TABLE_SIZE; i++ )
+ {
+ sine[i] = (float) sin( ((double)i/(double)TABLE_SIZE) * M_PI * 2. );
+ }
+
+ sprintf( message, "No Message" );
+ }
+
+ bool open(PaDeviceIndex index)
+ {
+ PaStreamParameters outputParameters;
+
+ outputParameters.device = index;
+ if (outputParameters.device == paNoDevice) {
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ const PaDeviceInfo* pInfo = Pa_GetDeviceInfo(index);
+ if (pInfo != 0)
+ {
+ printf("Output device name: '%s'\r", pInfo->name);
+ }
+
+ outputParameters.channelCount = 2; /* stereo output */
+ outputParameters.sampleFormat = paFloat32; /* 32 bit floating point output */
+ outputParameters.suggestedLatency = Pa_GetDeviceInfo( outputParameters.device )->defaultLowOutputLatency;
+ outputParameters.hostApiSpecificStreamInfo = NULL;
+
+ PaError err = Pa_OpenStream(
+ &stream,
+ NULL, /* no input */
+ &outputParameters,
+ SAMPLE_RATE,
+ paFramesPerBufferUnspecified,
+ paClipOff, /* we won't output out of range samples so don't bother clipping them */
+ &Sine::paCallback,
+ this /* Using 'this' for userData so we can cast to Sine* in paCallback method */
+ );
+
+ if (err != paNoError)
+ {
+ /* Failed to open stream to device !!! */
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ err = Pa_SetStreamFinishedCallback( stream, &Sine::paStreamFinished );
+
+ if (err != paNoError)
+ {
+ Pa_CloseStream( stream );
+ stream = 0;
+
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ bool close()
+ {
+ if (stream == 0)
+ return false;
+
+ PaError err = Pa_CloseStream( stream );
+ stream = 0;
+
+ return (err == paNoError);
+ }
+
+
+ bool start()
+ {
+ if (stream == 0)
+ return false;
+
+ PaError err = Pa_StartStream( stream );
+
+ return (err == paNoError);
+ }
+
+ bool stop()
+ {
+ if (stream == 0)
+ return false;
+
+ PaError err = Pa_StopStream( stream );
+
+ return (err == paNoError);
+ }
+
+private:
+ /* The instance callback, where we have access to every method/variable in object of class Sine */
+ int paCallbackMethod(const void *inputBuffer, void *outputBuffer,
+ unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+ const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo* timeInfo,
+ PaStreamCallbackFlags statusFlags)
+ {
+ float *out = (float*)outputBuffer;
+ unsigned long i;
+
+ (void) timeInfo; /* Prevent unused variable warnings. */
+ (void) statusFlags;
+ (void) inputBuffer;
+
+ for( i=0; i<framesPerBuffer; i++ )
+ {
+ *out++ = sine[left_phase]; /* left */
+ *out++ = sine[right_phase]; /* right */
+ left_phase += 1;
+ if( left_phase >= TABLE_SIZE ) left_phase -= TABLE_SIZE;
+ right_phase += 3; /* higher pitch so we can distinguish left and right. */
+ if( right_phase >= TABLE_SIZE ) right_phase -= TABLE_SIZE;
+ }
+
+ return paContinue;
+
+ }
+
+ /* This routine will be called by the PortAudio engine when audio is needed.
+ ** It may called at interrupt level on some machines so don't do anything
+ ** that could mess up the system like calling malloc() or free().
+ */
+ static int paCallback( const void *inputBuffer, void *outputBuffer,
+ unsigned long framesPerBuffer,
+ const PaStreamCallbackTimeInfo* timeInfo,
+ PaStreamCallbackFlags statusFlags,
+ void *userData )
+ {
+ /* Here we cast userData to Sine* type so we can call the instance method paCallbackMethod, we can do that since
+ we called Pa_OpenStream with 'this' for userData */
+ return ((Sine*)userData)->paCallbackMethod(inputBuffer, outputBuffer,
+ framesPerBuffer,
+ timeInfo,
+ statusFlags);
+ }
+
+
+ void paStreamFinishedMethod()
+ {
+ printf( "Stream Completed: %s\n", message );
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * This routine is called by portaudio when playback is done.
+ */
+ static void paStreamFinished(void* userData)
+ {
+ return ((Sine*)userData)->paStreamFinishedMethod();
+ }
+
+ PaStream *stream;
+ float sine[TABLE_SIZE];
+ int left_phase;
+ int right_phase;
+ char message[20];
+};
+
+class ScopedPaHandler
+{
+public:
+ ScopedPaHandler()
+ : _result(Pa_Initialize())
+ {
+ }
+ ~ScopedPaHandler()
+ {
+ if (_result == paNoError)
+ {
+ Pa_Terminate();
+ }
+ }
+
+ PaError result() const { return _result; }
+
+private:
+ PaError _result;
+};
+
+
+/*******************************************************************/
+int main(void);
+int main(void)
+{
+ Sine sine;
+
+ printf("PortAudio Test: output sine wave. SR = %d, BufSize = %d\n", SAMPLE_RATE, FRAMES_PER_BUFFER);
+
+ ScopedPaHandler paInit;
+ if( paInit.result() != paNoError ) goto error;
+
+ if (sine.open(Pa_GetDefaultOutputDevice()))
+ {
+ if (sine.start())
+ {
+ printf("Play for %d seconds.\n", NUM_SECONDS );
+ Pa_Sleep( NUM_SECONDS * 1000 );
+
+ sine.stop();
+ }
+
+ sine.close();
+ }
+
+ printf("Test finished.\n");
+ return paNoError;
+
+error:
+ fprintf( stderr, "An error occurred while using the portaudio stream\n" );
+ fprintf( stderr, "Error number: %d\n", paInit.result() );
+ fprintf( stderr, "Error message: %s\n", Pa_GetErrorText( paInit.result() ) );
+ return 1;
+}