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+--[[
+
+ base64 -- v1.5.3 public domain Lua base64 encoder/decoder
+ no warranty implied; use at your own risk
+
+ Needs bit32.extract function. If not present it's implemented using BitOp
+ or Lua 5.3 native bit operators. For Lua 5.1 fallbacks to pure Lua
+ implementation inspired by Rici Lake's post:
+ http://ricilake.blogspot.co.uk/2007/10/iterating-bits-in-lua.html
+
+ author: Ilya Kolbin (iskolbin@gmail.com)
+ url: github.com/iskolbin/lbase64
+
+ COMPATIBILITY
+
+ Lua 5.1+, LuaJIT
+
+ LICENSE
+
+ See end of file for license information.
+
+--]]
+
+
+local base64 = {}
+
+local extract = _G.bit32 and _G.bit32.extract -- Lua 5.2/Lua 5.3 in compatibility mode
+if not extract then
+ if _G.bit then -- LuaJIT
+ local shl, shr, band = _G.bit.lshift, _G.bit.rshift, _G.bit.band
+ extract = function( v, from, width )
+ return band( shr( v, from ), shl( 1, width ) - 1 )
+ end
+ elseif _G._VERSION == "Lua 5.1" then
+ extract = function( v, from, width )
+ local w = 0
+ local flag = 2^from
+ for i = 0, width-1 do
+ local flag2 = flag + flag
+ if v % flag2 >= flag then
+ w = w + 2^i
+ end
+ flag = flag2
+ end
+ return w
+ end
+ else -- Lua 5.3+
+ extract = load[[return function( v, from, width )
+ return ( v >> from ) & ((1 << width) - 1)
+ end]]()
+ end
+end
+
+
+function base64.makeencoder( s62, s63, spad )
+ local encoder = {}
+ for b64code, char in pairs{[0]='A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','I','J',
+ 'K','L','M','N','O','P','Q','R','S','T','U','V','W','X','Y',
+ 'Z','a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','m','n',
+ 'o','p','q','r','s','t','u','v','w','x','y','z','0','1','2',
+ '3','4','5','6','7','8','9',s62 or '+',s63 or'/',spad or'='} do
+ encoder[b64code] = char:byte()
+ end
+ return encoder
+end
+
+function base64.makedecoder( s62, s63, spad )
+ local decoder = {}
+ for b64code, charcode in pairs( base64.makeencoder( s62, s63, spad )) do
+ decoder[charcode] = b64code
+ end
+ return decoder
+end
+
+local DEFAULT_ENCODER = base64.makeencoder()
+local DEFAULT_DECODER = base64.makedecoder()
+
+local char, concat = string.char, table.concat
+
+function base64.encode( str, encoder, usecaching )
+ encoder = encoder or DEFAULT_ENCODER
+ local t, k, n = {}, 1, #str
+ local lastn = n % 3
+ local cache = {}
+ for i = 1, n-lastn, 3 do
+ local a, b, c = str:byte( i, i+2 )
+ local v = a*0x10000 + b*0x100 + c
+ local s
+ if usecaching then
+ s = cache[v]
+ if not s then
+ s = char(encoder[extract(v,18,6)], encoder[extract(v,12,6)], encoder[extract(v,6,6)], encoder[extract(v,0,6)])
+ cache[v] = s
+ end
+ else
+ s = char(encoder[extract(v,18,6)], encoder[extract(v,12,6)], encoder[extract(v,6,6)], encoder[extract(v,0,6)])
+ end
+ t[k] = s
+ k = k + 1
+ end
+ if lastn == 2 then
+ local a, b = str:byte( n-1, n )
+ local v = a*0x10000 + b*0x100
+ t[k] = char(encoder[extract(v,18,6)], encoder[extract(v,12,6)], encoder[extract(v,6,6)], encoder[64])
+ elseif lastn == 1 then
+ local v = str:byte( n )*0x10000
+ t[k] = char(encoder[extract(v,18,6)], encoder[extract(v,12,6)], encoder[64], encoder[64])
+ end
+ return concat( t )
+end
+
+function base64.decode( b64, decoder, usecaching )
+ decoder = decoder or DEFAULT_DECODER
+ local pattern = '[^%w%+%/%=]'
+ if decoder then
+ local s62, s63
+ for charcode, b64code in pairs( decoder ) do
+ if b64code == 62 then s62 = charcode
+ elseif b64code == 63 then s63 = charcode
+ end
+ end
+ pattern = ('[^%%w%%%s%%%s%%=]'):format( char(s62), char(s63) )
+ end
+ b64 = b64:gsub( pattern, '' )
+ local cache = usecaching and {}
+ local t, k = {}, 1
+ local n = #b64
+ local padding = b64:sub(-2) == '==' and 2 or b64:sub(-1) == '=' and 1 or 0
+ for i = 1, padding > 0 and n-4 or n, 4 do
+ local a, b, c, d = b64:byte( i, i+3 )
+ local s
+ if usecaching then
+ local v0 = a*0x1000000 + b*0x10000 + c*0x100 + d
+ s = cache[v0]
+ if not s then
+ local v = decoder[a]*0x40000 + decoder[b]*0x1000 + decoder[c]*0x40 + decoder[d]
+ s = char( extract(v,16,8), extract(v,8,8), extract(v,0,8))
+ cache[v0] = s
+ end
+ else
+ local v = decoder[a]*0x40000 + decoder[b]*0x1000 + decoder[c]*0x40 + decoder[d]
+ s = char( extract(v,16,8), extract(v,8,8), extract(v,0,8))
+ end
+ t[k] = s
+ k = k + 1
+ end
+ if padding == 1 then
+ local a, b, c = b64:byte( n-3, n-1 )
+ local v = decoder[a]*0x40000 + decoder[b]*0x1000 + decoder[c]*0x40
+ t[k] = char( extract(v,16,8), extract(v,8,8))
+ elseif padding == 2 then
+ local a, b = b64:byte( n-3, n-2 )
+ local v = decoder[a]*0x40000 + decoder[b]*0x1000
+ t[k] = char( extract(v,16,8))
+ end
+ return concat( t )
+end
+
+return base64
+
+--[[
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+This software is available under 2 licenses -- choose whichever you prefer.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE A - MIT License
+Copyright (c) 2018 Ilya Kolbin
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE B - Public Domain (www.unlicense.org)
+This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
+Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or distribute this
+software, either in source code form or as a compiled binary, for any purpose,
+commercial or non-commercial, and by any means.
+In jurisdictions that recognize copyright laws, the author or authors of this
+software dedicate any and all copyright interest in the software to the public
+domain. We make this dedication for the benefit of the public at large and to
+the detriment of our heirs and successors. We intend this dedication to be an
+overt act of relinquishment in perpetuity of all present and future rights to
+this software under copyright law.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
+ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+--]]