add initial structure

12 files changed, 3354 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/portaudio/src/os/unix/pa_unix_hostapis.c b/portaudio/src/os/unix/pa_unix_hostapis.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f1a51f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portaudio/src/os/unix/pa_unix_hostapis.c
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library UNIX initialization table
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup unix_src
+*/
+
+#include "pa_hostapi.h"
+
+PaError PaJack_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+PaError PaAlsa_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+PaError PaOSS_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+/* Added for IRIX, Pieter, oct 2, 2003: */
+PaError PaSGI_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+/* Linux AudioScience HPI */
+PaError PaAsiHpi_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+PaError PaMacCore_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+PaError PaSkeleton_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+
+/** Note that on Linux, ALSA is placed before OSS so that the former is preferred over the latter.
+ */
+
+PaUtilHostApiInitializer *paHostApiInitializers[] =
+    {
+#ifdef __linux__
+
+#if PA_USE_ALSA
+        PaAlsa_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#if PA_USE_OSS
+        PaOSS_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#else   /* __linux__ */
+
+#if PA_USE_OSS
+        PaOSS_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#if PA_USE_ALSA
+        PaAlsa_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#endif  /* __linux__ */
+
+#if PA_USE_JACK
+        PaJack_Initialize,
+#endif
+                    /* Added for IRIX, Pieter, oct 2, 2003: */
+#if PA_USE_SGI
+        PaSGI_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#if PA_USE_ASIHPI
+        PaAsiHpi_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#if PA_USE_COREAUDIO
+        PaMacCore_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#if PA_USE_SKELETON
+        PaSkeleton_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+        0   /* NULL terminated array */
+    };
diff --git a/portaudio/src/os/unix/pa_unix_util.c b/portaudio/src/os/unix/pa_unix_util.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..459b2be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portaudio/src/os/unix/pa_unix_util.c
@@ -0,0 +1,710 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library
+ * UNIX platform-specific support functions
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup unix_src
+*/
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h> /* For memset */
+#include <math.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#if defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(HAVE_MACH_ABSOLUTE_TIME)
+#define HAVE_MACH_ABSOLUTE_TIME
+#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_MACH_ABSOLUTE_TIME
+#include <mach/mach_time.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "pa_util.h"
+#include "pa_unix_util.h"
+#include "pa_debugprint.h"
+
+/*
+   Track memory allocations to avoid leaks.
+ */
+
+#if PA_TRACK_MEMORY
+static int numAllocations_ = 0;
+#endif
+
+
+void *PaUtil_AllocateMemory( long size )
+{
+    void *result = malloc( size );
+
+#if PA_TRACK_MEMORY
+    if( result != NULL ) numAllocations_ += 1;
+#endif
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_FreeMemory( void *block )
+{
+    if( block != NULL )
+    {
+        free( block );
+#if PA_TRACK_MEMORY
+        numAllocations_ -= 1;
+#endif
+
+    }
+}
+
+
+int PaUtil_CountCurrentlyAllocatedBlocks( void )
+{
+#if PA_TRACK_MEMORY
+    return numAllocations_;
+#else
+    return 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+
+void Pa_Sleep( long msec )
+{
+#ifdef HAVE_NANOSLEEP
+    struct timespec req = {0}, rem = {0};
+    PaTime time = msec / 1.e3;
+    req.tv_sec = (time_t)time;
+    assert(time - req.tv_sec < 1.0);
+    req.tv_nsec = (long)((time - req.tv_sec) * 1.e9);
+    nanosleep(&req, &rem);
+    /* XXX: Try sleeping the remaining time (contained in rem) if interrupted by a signal? */
+#else
+    while( msec > 999 )     /* For OpenBSD and IRIX, argument */
+        {                   /* to usleep must be < 1000000.   */
+        usleep( 999000 );
+        msec -= 999;
+        }
+    usleep( msec * 1000 );
+#endif
+}
+
+#ifdef HAVE_MACH_ABSOLUTE_TIME
+/*
+    Discussion on the CoreAudio mailing list suggests that calling
+    gettimeofday (or anything else in the BSD layer) is not real-time
+    safe, so we use mach_absolute_time on OSX. This implementation is
+    based on these two links:
+
+    Technical Q&A QA1398 - Mach Absolute Time Units
+    http://developer.apple.com/mac/library/qa/qa2004/qa1398.html
+
+    Tutorial: Performance and Time.
+    http://www.macresearch.org/tutorial_performance_and_time
+*/
+
+/* Scaler to convert the result of mach_absolute_time to seconds */
+static double machSecondsConversionScaler_ = 0.0;
+#endif
+
+void PaUtil_InitializeClock( void )
+{
+#ifdef HAVE_MACH_ABSOLUTE_TIME
+    mach_timebase_info_data_t info;
+    kern_return_t err = mach_timebase_info( &info );
+    if( err == 0  )
+        machSecondsConversionScaler_ = 1e-9 * (double) info.numer / (double) info.denom;
+#endif
+}
+
+
+PaTime PaUtil_GetTime( void )
+{
+#ifdef HAVE_MACH_ABSOLUTE_TIME
+    return mach_absolute_time() * machSecondsConversionScaler_;
+#elif defined(HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME)
+    struct timespec tp;
+    clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tp);
+    return (PaTime)(tp.tv_sec + tp.tv_nsec * 1e-9);
+#else
+    struct timeval tv;
+    gettimeofday( &tv, NULL );
+    return (PaTime) tv.tv_usec * 1e-6 + tv.tv_sec;
+#endif
+}
+
+PaError PaUtil_InitializeThreading( PaUtilThreading *threading )
+{
+    (void) paUtilErr_;
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+void PaUtil_TerminateThreading( PaUtilThreading *threading )
+{
+}
+
+PaError PaUtil_StartThreading( PaUtilThreading *threading, void *(*threadRoutine)(void *), void *data )
+{
+    pthread_create( &threading->callbackThread, NULL, threadRoutine, data );
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+PaError PaUtil_CancelThreading( PaUtilThreading *threading, int wait, PaError *exitResult )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    void *pret;
+
+    if( exitResult )
+        *exitResult = paNoError;
+
+    /* If pthread_cancel is not supported (Android platform) whole this function can lead to indefinite waiting if
+       working thread (callbackThread) has'n received any stop signals from outside, please keep
+       this in mind when considering using PaUtil_CancelThreading
+    */
+#ifdef PTHREAD_CANCELED
+    /* Only kill the thread if it isn't in the process of stopping (flushing adaptation buffers) */
+    if( !wait )
+        pthread_cancel( threading->callbackThread );   /* XXX: Safe to call this if the thread has exited on its own? */
+#endif
+    pthread_join( threading->callbackThread, &pret );
+
+#ifdef PTHREAD_CANCELED
+    if( pret && PTHREAD_CANCELED != pret )
+#else
+    /* !wait means the thread may have been canceled */
+    if( pret && wait )
+#endif
+    {
+        if( exitResult )
+            *exitResult = *(PaError *) pret;
+        free( pret );
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* Threading */
+/* paUnixMainThread
+ * We have to be a bit careful with defining this global variable,
+ * as explained below. */
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+/* apple/gcc has a "problem" with global vars and dynamic libs.
+   Initializing it seems to fix the problem.
+   Described a bit in this thread:
+   http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc/2005-06/msg00179.html
+*/
+pthread_t paUnixMainThread = 0;
+#else
+/*pthreads are opaque. We don't know that assigning it an int value
+  always makes sense, so we don't initialize it unless we have to.*/
+pthread_t paUnixMainThread = 0;
+#endif
+
+PaError PaUnixThreading_Initialize( void )
+{
+    paUnixMainThread = pthread_self();
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+static PaError BoostPriority( PaUnixThread* self )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    struct sched_param spm = { 0 };
+    /* Priority should only matter between contending FIFO threads? */
+    spm.sched_priority = 1;
+
+    assert( self );
+
+    if( pthread_setschedparam( self->thread, SCHED_FIFO, &spm ) != 0 )
+    {
+        PA_UNLESS( errno == EPERM, paInternalError );  /* Lack permission to raise priority */
+        PA_DEBUG(( "Failed bumping priority\n" ));
+        result = 0;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result = 1; /* Success */
+    }
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+PaError PaUnixThread_New( PaUnixThread* self, void* (*threadFunc)( void* ), void* threadArg, PaTime waitForChild,
+        int rtSched )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    pthread_attr_t attr;
+    int started = 0;
+
+    memset( self, 0, sizeof (PaUnixThread) );
+    PaUnixMutex_Initialize( &self->mtx );
+    PA_ASSERT_CALL( pthread_cond_init( &self->cond, NULL ), 0 );
+
+    self->parentWaiting = 0 != waitForChild;
+
+    /* Spawn thread */
+
+/* Temporarily disabled since we should test during configuration for presence of required mman.h header */
+#if 0
+#if defined _POSIX_MEMLOCK && (_POSIX_MEMLOCK != -1)
+    if( rtSched )
+    {
+        if( mlockall( MCL_CURRENT | MCL_FUTURE ) < 0 )
+        {
+            int savedErrno = errno;             /* In case errno gets overwritten */
+            assert( savedErrno != EINVAL );     /* Most likely a programmer error */
+            PA_UNLESS( (savedErrno == EPERM), paInternalError );
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Failed locking memory\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+        }
+        else
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Successfully locked memory\n", __FUNCTION__ ));
+    }
+#endif
+#endif
+
+    PA_UNLESS( !pthread_attr_init( &attr ), paInternalError );
+    /* Priority relative to other processes */
+    PA_UNLESS( !pthread_attr_setscope( &attr, PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM ), paInternalError );
+
+    PA_UNLESS( !pthread_create( &self->thread, &attr, threadFunc, threadArg ), paInternalError );
+    started = 1;
+
+    if( rtSched )
+    {
+#if 0
+        if( self->useWatchdog )
+        {
+            int err;
+            struct sched_param wdSpm = { 0 };
+            /* Launch watchdog, watchdog sets callback thread priority */
+            int prio = PA_MIN( self->rtPrio + 4, sched_get_priority_max( SCHED_FIFO ) );
+            wdSpm.sched_priority = prio;
+
+            PA_UNLESS( !pthread_attr_init( &attr ), paInternalError );
+            PA_UNLESS( !pthread_attr_setinheritsched( &attr, PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED ), paInternalError );
+            PA_UNLESS( !pthread_attr_setscope( &attr, PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM ), paInternalError );
+            PA_UNLESS( !pthread_attr_setschedpolicy( &attr, SCHED_FIFO ), paInternalError );
+            PA_UNLESS( !pthread_attr_setschedparam( &attr, &wdSpm ), paInternalError );
+            if( (err = pthread_create( &self->watchdogThread, &attr, &WatchdogFunc, self )) )
+            {
+                PA_UNLESS( err == EPERM, paInternalError );
+                /* Permission error, go on without realtime privileges */
+                PA_DEBUG(( "Failed bumping priority\n" ));
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                int policy;
+                self->watchdogRunning = 1;
+                PA_ENSURE_SYSTEM( pthread_getschedparam( self->watchdogThread, &policy, &wdSpm ), 0 );
+                /* Check if priority is right, policy could potentially differ from SCHED_FIFO (but that's alright) */
+                if( wdSpm.sched_priority != prio )
+                {
+                    PA_DEBUG(( "Watchdog priority not set correctly (%d)\n", wdSpm.sched_priority ));
+                    PA_ENSURE( paInternalError );
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        else
+#endif
+            PA_ENSURE( BoostPriority( self ) );
+
+        {
+            int policy;
+            struct sched_param spm;
+            pthread_getschedparam(self->thread, &policy, &spm);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if( self->parentWaiting )
+    {
+        PaTime till;
+        struct timespec ts;
+        int res = 0;
+        PaTime now;
+
+        PA_ENSURE( PaUnixMutex_Lock( &self->mtx ) );
+
+        /* Wait for stream to be started */
+        now = PaUtil_GetTime();
+        till = now + waitForChild;
+
+        while( self->parentWaiting && !res )
+        {
+            if( waitForChild > 0 )
+            {
+                ts.tv_sec = (time_t) floor( till );
+                ts.tv_nsec = (long) ((till - floor( till )) * 1e9);
+                res = pthread_cond_timedwait( &self->cond, &self->mtx.mtx, &ts );
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                res = pthread_cond_wait( &self->cond, &self->mtx.mtx );
+            }
+        }
+
+        PA_ENSURE( PaUnixMutex_Unlock( &self->mtx ) );
+
+        PA_UNLESS( !res || ETIMEDOUT == res, paInternalError );
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Waited for %g seconds for stream to start\n", __FUNCTION__, PaUtil_GetTime() - now ));
+        if( ETIMEDOUT == res )
+        {
+            PA_ENSURE( paTimedOut );
+        }
+    }
+
+end:
+    return result;
+error:
+    if( started )
+    {
+        PaUnixThread_Terminate( self, 0, NULL );
+    }
+
+    goto end;
+}
+
+PaError PaUnixThread_Terminate( PaUnixThread* self, int wait, PaError* exitResult )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    void* pret;
+
+    if( exitResult )
+    {
+        *exitResult = paNoError;
+    }
+#if 0
+    if( watchdogExitResult )
+        *watchdogExitResult = paNoError;
+
+    if( th->watchdogRunning )
+    {
+        pthread_cancel( th->watchdogThread );
+        PA_ENSURE_SYSTEM( pthread_join( th->watchdogThread, &pret ), 0 );
+
+        if( pret && pret != PTHREAD_CANCELED )
+        {
+            if( watchdogExitResult )
+                *watchdogExitResult = *(PaError *) pret;
+            free( pret );
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+    /* Only kill the thread if it isn't in the process of stopping (flushing adaptation buffers) */
+    /* TODO: Make join time out */
+    self->stopRequested = wait;
+    if( !wait )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Canceling thread %d\n", __FUNCTION__, self->thread ));
+        /* XXX: Safe to call this if the thread has exited on its own? */
+#ifdef PTHREAD_CANCELED
+        pthread_cancel( self->thread );
+#endif
+    }
+    PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Joining thread %d\n", __FUNCTION__, self->thread ));
+    PA_ENSURE_SYSTEM( pthread_join( self->thread, &pret ), 0 );
+
+#ifdef PTHREAD_CANCELED
+    if( pret && PTHREAD_CANCELED != pret )
+#else
+    /* !wait means the thread may have been canceled */
+    if( pret && wait )
+#endif
+    {
+        if( exitResult )
+        {
+            *exitResult = *(PaError*)pret;
+        }
+        free( pret );
+    }
+
+error:
+    PA_ASSERT_CALL( PaUnixMutex_Terminate( &self->mtx ), paNoError );
+    PA_ASSERT_CALL( pthread_cond_destroy( &self->cond ), 0 );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+PaError PaUnixThread_PrepareNotify( PaUnixThread* self )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PA_UNLESS( self->parentWaiting, paInternalError );
+
+    PA_ENSURE( PaUnixMutex_Lock( &self->mtx ) );
+    self->locked = 1;
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+PaError PaUnixThread_NotifyParent( PaUnixThread* self )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PA_UNLESS( self->parentWaiting, paInternalError );
+
+    if( !self->locked )
+    {
+        PA_ENSURE( PaUnixMutex_Lock( &self->mtx ) );
+        self->locked = 1;
+    }
+    self->parentWaiting = 0;
+    pthread_cond_signal( &self->cond );
+    PA_ENSURE( PaUnixMutex_Unlock( &self->mtx ) );
+    self->locked = 0;
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+int PaUnixThread_StopRequested( PaUnixThread* self )
+{
+    return self->stopRequested;
+}
+
+PaError PaUnixMutex_Initialize( PaUnixMutex* self )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PA_ASSERT_CALL( pthread_mutex_init( &self->mtx, NULL ), 0 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+PaError PaUnixMutex_Terminate( PaUnixMutex* self )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+    PA_ASSERT_CALL( pthread_mutex_destroy( &self->mtx ), 0 );
+    return result;
+}
+
+/** Lock mutex.
+ *
+ * We're disabling thread cancellation while the thread is holding a lock, so mutexes are
+ * properly unlocked at termination time.
+ */
+PaError PaUnixMutex_Lock( PaUnixMutex* self )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+#ifdef PTHREAD_CANCEL
+    int oldState;
+    PA_ENSURE_SYSTEM( pthread_setcancelstate( PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, &oldState ), 0 );
+#endif
+    PA_ENSURE_SYSTEM( pthread_mutex_lock( &self->mtx ), 0 );
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+/** Unlock mutex.
+ *
+ * Thread cancellation is enabled again after the mutex is properly unlocked.
+ */
+PaError PaUnixMutex_Unlock( PaUnixMutex* self )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError;
+
+    PA_ENSURE_SYSTEM( pthread_mutex_unlock( &self->mtx ), 0 );
+#ifdef PTHREAD_CANCEL
+    int oldState;
+    PA_ENSURE_SYSTEM( pthread_setcancelstate( PTHREAD_CANCEL_ENABLE, &oldState ), 0 );
+#endif
+
+error:
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+#if 0
+static void OnWatchdogExit( void *userData )
+{
+    PaAlsaThreading *th = (PaAlsaThreading *) userData;
+    struct sched_param spm = { 0 };
+    assert( th );
+
+    PA_ASSERT_CALL( pthread_setschedparam( th->callbackThread, SCHED_OTHER, &spm ), 0 );    /* Lower before exiting */
+    PA_DEBUG(( "Watchdog exiting\n" ));
+}
+
+static void *WatchdogFunc( void *userData )
+{
+    PaError result = paNoError, *pres = NULL;
+    int err;
+    PaAlsaThreading *th = (PaAlsaThreading *) userData;
+    unsigned intervalMsec = 500;
+    const PaTime maxSeconds = 3.;   /* Max seconds between callbacks */
+    PaTime timeThen = PaUtil_GetTime(), timeNow, timeElapsed, cpuTimeThen, cpuTimeNow, cpuTimeElapsed;
+    double cpuLoad, avgCpuLoad = 0.;
+    int throttled = 0;
+
+    assert( th );
+
+    /* Execute OnWatchdogExit when exiting */
+    pthread_cleanup_push( &OnWatchdogExit, th );
+
+    /* Boost priority of callback thread */
+    PA_ENSURE( result = BoostPriority( th ) );
+    if( !result )
+    {
+        /* Boost failed, might as well exit */
+        pthread_exit( NULL );
+    }
+
+    cpuTimeThen = th->callbackCpuTime;
+    {
+        int policy;
+        struct sched_param spm = { 0 };
+        pthread_getschedparam( pthread_self(), &policy, &spm );
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Watchdog priority is %d\n", __FUNCTION__, spm.sched_priority ));
+    }
+
+    while( 1 )
+    {
+        double lowpassCoeff = 0.9, lowpassCoeff1 = 0.99999 - lowpassCoeff;
+
+        /* Test before and after in case whatever underlying sleep call isn't interrupted by pthread_cancel */
+        pthread_testcancel();
+        Pa_Sleep( intervalMsec );
+        pthread_testcancel();
+
+        if( PaUtil_GetTime() - th->callbackTime > maxSeconds )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(( "Watchdog: Terminating callback thread\n" ));
+            /* Tell thread to terminate */
+            err = pthread_kill( th->callbackThread, SIGKILL );
+            pthread_exit( NULL );
+        }
+
+        PA_DEBUG(( "%s: PortAudio reports CPU load: %g\n", __FUNCTION__, PaUtil_GetCpuLoad( th->cpuLoadMeasurer ) ));
+
+        /* Check if we should throttle, or unthrottle :P */
+        cpuTimeNow = th->callbackCpuTime;
+        cpuTimeElapsed = cpuTimeNow - cpuTimeThen;
+        cpuTimeThen = cpuTimeNow;
+
+        timeNow = PaUtil_GetTime();
+        timeElapsed = timeNow - timeThen;
+        timeThen = timeNow;
+        cpuLoad = cpuTimeElapsed / timeElapsed;
+        avgCpuLoad = avgCpuLoad * lowpassCoeff + cpuLoad * lowpassCoeff1;
+        /*
+        if( throttled )
+            PA_DEBUG(( "Watchdog: CPU load: %g, %g\n", avgCpuLoad, cpuTimeElapsed ));
+            */
+        if( PaUtil_GetCpuLoad( th->cpuLoadMeasurer ) > .925 )
+        {
+            static int policy;
+            static struct sched_param spm = { 0 };
+            static const struct sched_param defaultSpm = { 0 };
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Throttling audio thread, priority %d\n", __FUNCTION__, spm.sched_priority ));
+
+            pthread_getschedparam( th->callbackThread, &policy, &spm );
+            if( !pthread_setschedparam( th->callbackThread, SCHED_OTHER, &defaultSpm ) )
+            {
+                throttled = 1;
+            }
+            else
+                PA_DEBUG(( "Watchdog: Couldn't lower priority of audio thread: %s\n", strerror( errno ) ));
+
+            /* Give other processes a go, before raising priority again */
+            PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Watchdog sleeping for %lu msecs before unthrottling\n", __FUNCTION__, th->throttledSleepTime ));
+            Pa_Sleep( th->throttledSleepTime );
+
+            /* Reset callback priority */
+            if( pthread_setschedparam( th->callbackThread, SCHED_FIFO, &spm ) != 0 )
+            {
+                PA_DEBUG(( "%s: Couldn't raise priority of audio thread: %s\n", __FUNCTION__, strerror( errno ) ));
+            }
+
+            if( PaUtil_GetCpuLoad( th->cpuLoadMeasurer ) >= .99 )
+                intervalMsec = 50;
+            else
+                intervalMsec = 100;
+
+            /*
+            lowpassCoeff = .97;
+            lowpassCoeff1 = .99999 - lowpassCoeff;
+            */
+        }
+        else if( throttled && avgCpuLoad < .8 )
+        {
+            intervalMsec = 500;
+            throttled = 0;
+
+            /*
+            lowpassCoeff = .9;
+            lowpassCoeff1 = .99999 - lowpassCoeff;
+            */
+        }
+    }
+
+    pthread_cleanup_pop( 1 );   /* Execute cleanup on exit */
+
+error:
+    /* Shouldn't get here in the normal case */
+
+    /* Pass on error code */
+    pres = malloc( sizeof (PaError) );
+    *pres = result;
+
+    pthread_exit( pres );
+}
+
+static void CallbackUpdate( PaAlsaThreading *th )
+{
+    th->callbackTime = PaUtil_GetTime();
+    th->callbackCpuTime = PaUtil_GetCpuLoad( th->cpuLoadMeasurer );
+}
+
+/*
+static void *CanaryFunc( void *userData )
+{
+    const unsigned intervalMsec = 1000;
+    PaUtilThreading *th = (PaUtilThreading *) userData;
+
+    while( 1 )
+    {
+        th->canaryTime = PaUtil_GetTime();
+
+        pthread_testcancel();
+        Pa_Sleep( intervalMsec );
+    }
+
+    pthread_exit( NULL );
+}
+*/
+#endif
diff --git a/portaudio/src/os/unix/pa_unix_util.h b/portaudio/src/os/unix/pa_unix_util.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2228cb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portaudio/src/os/unix/pa_unix_util.h
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library
+ * UNIX platform-specific support functions
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup unix_src
+*/
+
+#ifndef PA_UNIX_UTIL_H
+#define PA_UNIX_UTIL_H
+
+#include "pa_cpuload.h"
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#define PA_MIN(x,y) ( (x) < (y) ? (x) : (y) )
+#define PA_MAX(x,y) ( (x) > (y) ? (x) : (y) )
+
+/* Utilize GCC branch prediction for error tests */
+#if defined __GNUC__ && __GNUC__ >= 3
+#define UNLIKELY(expr) __builtin_expect( (expr), 0 )
+#else
+#define UNLIKELY(expr) (expr)
+#endif
+
+#define STRINGIZE_HELPER(expr) #expr
+#define STRINGIZE(expr) STRINGIZE_HELPER(expr)
+
+#define PA_UNLESS(expr, code) \
+    do { \
+        if( UNLIKELY( (expr) == 0 ) ) \
+        { \
+            PaUtil_DebugPrint(( "Expression '" #expr "' failed in '" __FILE__ "', line: " STRINGIZE( __LINE__ ) "\n" )); \
+            result = (code); \
+            goto error; \
+        } \
+    } while (0);
+
+static PaError paUtilErr_;          /* Used with PA_ENSURE */
+
+/* Check PaError */
+#define PA_ENSURE(expr) \
+    do { \
+        if( UNLIKELY( (paUtilErr_ = (expr)) < paNoError ) ) \
+        { \
+            PaUtil_DebugPrint(( "Expression '" #expr "' failed in '" __FILE__ "', line: " STRINGIZE( __LINE__ ) "\n" )); \
+            result = paUtilErr_; \
+            goto error; \
+        } \
+    } while (0);
+
+#define PA_ASSERT_CALL(expr, success) \
+    paUtilErr_ = (expr); \
+    assert( success == paUtilErr_ );
+
+#define PA_ENSURE_SYSTEM(expr, success) \
+    do { \
+        if( UNLIKELY( (paUtilErr_ = (expr)) != success ) ) \
+        { \
+            /* PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo should only be used in the main thread */ \
+            if( pthread_equal(pthread_self(), paUnixMainThread) ) \
+            { \
+                PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( paALSA, paUtilErr_, strerror( paUtilErr_ ) ); \
+            } \
+            PaUtil_DebugPrint( "Expression '" #expr "' failed in '" __FILE__ "', line: " STRINGIZE( __LINE__ ) "\n" ); \
+            result = paUnanticipatedHostError; \
+            goto error; \
+        } \
+    } while( 0 );
+
+typedef struct {
+    pthread_t callbackThread;
+} PaUtilThreading;
+
+PaError PaUtil_InitializeThreading( PaUtilThreading *threading );
+void PaUtil_TerminateThreading( PaUtilThreading *threading );
+PaError PaUtil_StartThreading( PaUtilThreading *threading, void *(*threadRoutine)(void *), void *data );
+PaError PaUtil_CancelThreading( PaUtilThreading *threading, int wait, PaError *exitResult );
+
+/* State accessed by utility functions */
+
+/*
+void PaUnix_SetRealtimeScheduling( int rt );
+
+void PaUtil_InitializeThreading( PaUtilThreading *th, PaUtilCpuLoadMeasurer *clm );
+
+PaError PaUtil_CreateCallbackThread( PaUtilThreading *th, void *(*CallbackThreadFunc)( void * ), PaStream *s );
+
+PaError PaUtil_KillCallbackThread( PaUtilThreading *th, PaError *exitResult );
+
+void PaUtil_CallbackUpdate( PaUtilThreading *th );
+*/
+
+extern pthread_t paUnixMainThread;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    pthread_mutex_t mtx;
+} PaUnixMutex;
+
+PaError PaUnixMutex_Initialize( PaUnixMutex* self );
+PaError PaUnixMutex_Terminate( PaUnixMutex* self );
+PaError PaUnixMutex_Lock( PaUnixMutex* self );
+PaError PaUnixMutex_Unlock( PaUnixMutex* self );
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    pthread_t thread;
+    int parentWaiting;
+    int stopRequested;
+    int locked;
+    PaUnixMutex mtx;
+    pthread_cond_t cond;
+    volatile sig_atomic_t stopRequest;
+} PaUnixThread;
+
+/** Initialize global threading state.
+ */
+PaError PaUnixThreading_Initialize( void );
+
+/** Perish, passing on eventual error code.
+ *
+ * A thin wrapper around pthread_exit, will automatically pass on any error code to the joining thread.
+ * If the result indicates an error, i.e. it is not equal to paNoError, this function will automatically
+ * allocate a pointer so the error is passed on with pthread_exit. If the result indicates that all is
+ * well however, only a NULL pointer will be handed to pthread_exit. Thus, the joining thread should
+ * check whether a non-NULL result pointer is obtained from pthread_join and make sure to free it.
+ * @param result: The error code to pass on to the joining thread.
+ */
+#define PaUnixThreading_EXIT(result) \
+    do { \
+        PaError* pres = NULL; \
+        if( paNoError != (result) ) \
+        { \
+            pres = malloc( sizeof (PaError) ); \
+            *pres = (result); \
+        } \
+        pthread_exit( pres ); \
+    } while (0);
+
+/** Spawn a thread.
+ *
+ * Intended for spawning the callback thread from the main thread. This function can even block (for a certain
+ * time or indefinitely) until notified by the callback thread (using PaUnixThread_NotifyParent), which can be
+ * useful in order to make sure that callback has commenced before returning from Pa_StartStream.
+ * @param threadFunc: The function to be executed in the child thread.
+ * @param waitForChild: If not 0, wait for child thread to call PaUnixThread_NotifyParent. Less than 0 means
+ * wait for ever, greater than 0 wait for the specified time.
+ * @param rtSched: Enable realtime scheduling?
+ * @return: If timed out waiting on child, paTimedOut.
+ */
+PaError PaUnixThread_New( PaUnixThread* self, void* (*threadFunc)( void* ), void* threadArg, PaTime waitForChild,
+        int rtSched );
+
+/** Terminate thread.
+ *
+ * @param wait: If true, request that background thread stop and wait until it does, else cancel it.
+ * @param exitResult: If non-null this will upon return contain the exit status of the thread.
+ */
+PaError PaUnixThread_Terminate( PaUnixThread* self, int wait, PaError* exitResult );
+
+/** Prepare to notify waiting parent thread.
+ *
+ * An internal lock must be held before the parent is notified in PaUnixThread_NotifyParent, call this to
+ * acquire it beforehand.
+ * @return: If parent is not waiting, paInternalError.
+ */
+PaError PaUnixThread_PrepareNotify( PaUnixThread* self );
+
+/** Notify waiting parent thread.
+ *
+ * @return: If parent timed out waiting, paTimedOut. If parent was never waiting, paInternalError.
+ */
+PaError PaUnixThread_NotifyParent( PaUnixThread* self );
+
+/** Has the parent thread requested this thread to stop?
+ */
+int PaUnixThread_StopRequested( PaUnixThread* self );
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif
diff --git a/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_coinitialize.c b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_coinitialize.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cdb1fb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_coinitialize.c
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+ * Microsoft COM initialization routines
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2011 Ross Bencina, Dmitry Kostjuchenko
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2011 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup win_src
+
+ @brief Microsoft COM initialization routines.
+*/
+
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <objbase.h>
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_util.h"
+#include "pa_debugprint.h"
+
+#include "pa_win_coinitialize.h"
+
+
+#if (defined(WIN32) && (defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200))) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE) && !(defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) && (WINAPI_FAMILY == WINAPI_FAMILY_APP)) /* MSC version 6 and above */
+#pragma comment( lib, "ole32.lib" )
+#endif
+
+
+/* use some special bit patterns here to try to guard against uninitialized memory errors */
+#define PAWINUTIL_COM_INITIALIZED       (0xb38f)
+#define PAWINUTIL_COM_NOT_INITIALIZED   (0xf1cd)
+
+
+PaError PaWinUtil_CoInitialize( PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType, PaWinUtilComInitializationResult *comInitializationResult )
+{
+    HRESULT hr;
+
+    comInitializationResult->state = PAWINUTIL_COM_NOT_INITIALIZED;
+
+    /*
+        If COM is already initialized CoInitialize will either return
+        FALSE, or RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE if it was initialised in a different
+        threading mode. In either case we shouldn't consider it an error
+        but we need to be careful to not call CoUninitialize() if
+        RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE was returned.
+    */
+
+#if !defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) || (WINAPI_FAMILY != WINAPI_FAMILY_APP)
+    hr = CoInitialize(0); /* use legacy-safe equivalent to CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED) */
+#else
+    hr = CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED);
+#endif
+    if( FAILED(hr) && hr != RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE )
+    {
+        PA_DEBUG(("CoInitialize(0) failed. hr=%d\n", hr));
+
+        if( hr == E_OUTOFMEMORY )
+            return paInsufficientMemory;
+
+        {
+            char *lpMsgBuf;
+            FormatMessage(
+                FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM,
+                NULL,
+                hr,
+                MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),
+                (LPTSTR) &lpMsgBuf,
+                0,
+                NULL
+            );
+            PaUtil_SetLastHostErrorInfo( hostApiType, hr, lpMsgBuf );
+            LocalFree( lpMsgBuf );
+        }
+
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    }
+
+    if( hr != RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE )
+    {
+        comInitializationResult->state = PAWINUTIL_COM_INITIALIZED;
+
+        /*
+            Memorize calling thread id and report warning on Uninitialize if
+            calling thread is different as CoInitialize must match CoUninitialize
+            in the same thread.
+        */
+        comInitializationResult->initializingThreadId = GetCurrentThreadId();
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+
+void PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize( PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType, PaWinUtilComInitializationResult *comInitializationResult )
+{
+    if( comInitializationResult->state != PAWINUTIL_COM_NOT_INITIALIZED
+            && comInitializationResult->state != PAWINUTIL_COM_INITIALIZED ){
+
+        PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize called without calling PaWinUtil_CoInitialize\n"));
+    }
+
+    if( comInitializationResult->state == PAWINUTIL_COM_INITIALIZED )
+    {
+        DWORD currentThreadId = GetCurrentThreadId();
+        if( comInitializationResult->initializingThreadId != currentThreadId )
+        {
+            PA_DEBUG(("ERROR: failed PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize calling thread[%lu] does not match initializing thread[%lu]\n",
+                currentThreadId, comInitializationResult->initializingThreadId));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            CoUninitialize();
+
+            comInitializationResult->state = PAWINUTIL_COM_NOT_INITIALIZED;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_coinitialize.h b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_coinitialize.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..deb60c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_coinitialize.h
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*
+ * Microsoft COM initialization routines
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2011 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup win_src
+
+ @brief Microsoft COM initialization routines.
+*/
+
+#ifndef PA_WIN_COINITIALIZE_H
+#define PA_WIN_COINITIALIZE_H
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+/**
+ @brief Data type used to hold the result of an attempt to initialize COM
+    using PaWinUtil_CoInitialize. Must be retained between a call to
+    PaWinUtil_CoInitialize and a matching call to PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize.
+*/
+typedef struct PaWinUtilComInitializationResult{
+    int state;
+    DWORD initializingThreadId;
+} PaWinUtilComInitializationResult;
+
+
+/**
+ @brief Initialize Microsoft COM subsystem on the current thread.
+
+ @param hostApiType the host API type id of the caller. Used for error reporting.
+
+ @param comInitializationResult An output parameter. The value pointed to by
+        this parameter stores information required by PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize
+        to correctly uninitialize COM. The value should be retained and later
+        passed to PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize.
+
+ If PaWinUtil_CoInitialize returns paNoError, the caller must later call
+ PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize once.
+*/
+PaError PaWinUtil_CoInitialize( PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType, PaWinUtilComInitializationResult *comInitializationResult );
+
+
+/**
+ @brief Uninitialize the Microsoft COM subsystem on the current thread using
+ the result of a previous call to PaWinUtil_CoInitialize. Must be called on the same
+ thread as PaWinUtil_CoInitialize.
+
+ @param hostApiType the host API type id of the caller. Used for error reporting.
+
+ @param comInitializationResult An input parameter. A pointer to a value previously
+ initialized by a call to PaWinUtil_CoInitialize.
+*/
+void PaWinUtil_CoUninitialize( PaHostApiTypeId hostApiType, PaWinUtilComInitializationResult *comInitializationResult );
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* PA_WIN_COINITIALIZE_H */
diff --git a/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_hostapis.c b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_hostapis.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f8a4651
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_hostapis.c
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library Windows initialization table
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2008 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup win_src
+
+    @brief Win32 host API initialization function table.
+*/
+
+/* This is needed to make this source file depend on CMake option changes
+   and at the same time make it transparent for clients not using CMake.
+*/
+#ifdef PORTAUDIO_CMAKE_GENERATED
+#include "options_cmake.h"
+#endif
+
+#include "pa_hostapi.h"
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+PaError PaSkeleton_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+PaError PaWinMme_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+PaError PaWinDs_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+PaError PaAsio_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+PaError PaWinWdm_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+PaError PaWasapi_Initialize( PaUtilHostApiRepresentation **hostApi, PaHostApiIndex index );
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+PaUtilHostApiInitializer *paHostApiInitializers[] =
+    {
+
+#if PA_USE_WMME
+        PaWinMme_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#if PA_USE_DS
+        PaWinDs_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#if PA_USE_ASIO
+        PaAsio_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#if PA_USE_WASAPI
+        PaWasapi_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#if PA_USE_WDMKS
+        PaWinWdm_Initialize,
+#endif
+
+#if PA_USE_SKELETON
+        PaSkeleton_Initialize, /* just for testing. last in list so it isn't marked as default. */
+#endif
+
+        0   /* NULL terminated array */
+    };
diff --git a/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_util.c b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_util.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b86f7af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_util.c
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ * Portable Audio I/O Library
+ * Win32 platform-specific support functions
+ *
+ * Based on the Open Source API proposed by Ross Bencina
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2008 Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup win_src
+
+ @brief Win32 implementation of platform-specific PaUtil support functions.
+*/
+
+#include <windows.h>
+
+#if defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) && (WINAPI_FAMILY == WINAPI_FAMILY_APP)
+    #include <sys/timeb.h> /* for _ftime_s() */
+#else
+    #include <mmsystem.h> /* for timeGetTime() */
+    #if (defined(WIN32) && (defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200))) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE) /* MSC version 6 and above */
+    #pragma comment( lib, "winmm.lib" )
+    #endif
+#endif
+
+#include "pa_util.h"
+
+/*
+   Track memory allocations to avoid leaks.
+ */
+
+#if PA_TRACK_MEMORY
+static int numAllocations_ = 0;
+#endif
+
+
+void *PaUtil_AllocateMemory( long size )
+{
+    void *result = GlobalAlloc( GPTR, size );
+
+#if PA_TRACK_MEMORY
+    if( result != NULL ) numAllocations_ += 1;
+#endif
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+void PaUtil_FreeMemory( void *block )
+{
+    if( block != NULL )
+    {
+        GlobalFree( block );
+#if PA_TRACK_MEMORY
+        numAllocations_ -= 1;
+#endif
+
+    }
+}
+
+
+int PaUtil_CountCurrentlyAllocatedBlocks( void )
+{
+#if PA_TRACK_MEMORY
+    return numAllocations_;
+#else
+    return 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+
+void Pa_Sleep( long msec )
+{
+    Sleep( msec );
+}
+
+static int usePerformanceCounter_;
+static double secondsPerTick_;
+
+void PaUtil_InitializeClock( void )
+{
+    LARGE_INTEGER ticksPerSecond;
+
+    if( QueryPerformanceFrequency( &ticksPerSecond ) != 0 )
+    {
+        usePerformanceCounter_ = 1;
+        secondsPerTick_ = 1.0 / (double)ticksPerSecond.QuadPart;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        usePerformanceCounter_ = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+
+double PaUtil_GetTime( void )
+{
+    LARGE_INTEGER time;
+
+    if( usePerformanceCounter_ )
+    {
+        /*
+            Note: QueryPerformanceCounter has a known issue where it can skip forward
+            by a few seconds (!) due to a hardware bug on some PCI-ISA bridge hardware.
+            This is documented here:
+            http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=KB;EN-US;Q274323&
+
+            The work-arounds are not very paletable and involve querying GetTickCount
+            at every time step.
+
+            Using rdtsc is not a good option on multi-core systems.
+
+            For now we just use QueryPerformanceCounter(). It's good, most of the time.
+        */
+        QueryPerformanceCounter( &time );
+        return time.QuadPart * secondsPerTick_;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+#ifndef UNDER_CE
+    #if defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) && (WINAPI_FAMILY == WINAPI_FAMILY_APP)
+        return GetTickCount64() * .001;
+    #else
+        return timeGetTime() * .001;
+    #endif
+#else
+        return GetTickCount() * .001;
+#endif
+    }
+}
diff --git a/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_waveformat.c b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_waveformat.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0436a39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_waveformat.c
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+/*
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Windows WAVEFORMAT* data structure utilities
+ * portaudio.h should be included before this file.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007 Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <mmsystem.h>
+#if defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) && (WINAPI_FAMILY == WINAPI_FAMILY_APP)
+    #include <mmreg.h> /* for WAVEFORMATEX */
+#endif
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_win_waveformat.h"
+
+
+#if !defined(WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE)
+#define  WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE         0xFFFE
+#endif
+
+
+static GUID pawin_ksDataFormatSubtypeGuidBase =
+    { (USHORT)(WAVE_FORMAT_PCM), 0x0000, 0x0010, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0xaa, 0x00, 0x38, 0x9b, 0x71 };
+
+
+int PaWin_SampleFormatToLinearWaveFormatTag( PaSampleFormat sampleFormat )
+{
+    if( sampleFormat == paFloat32 )
+        return PAWIN_WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT;
+
+    return PAWIN_WAVE_FORMAT_PCM;
+}
+
+
+void PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatEx( PaWinWaveFormat *waveFormat,
+        int numChannels, PaSampleFormat sampleFormat, int waveFormatTag, double sampleRate )
+{
+    WAVEFORMATEX *waveFormatEx = (WAVEFORMATEX*)waveFormat;
+    int bytesPerSample = Pa_GetSampleSize(sampleFormat);
+    unsigned long bytesPerFrame = numChannels * bytesPerSample;
+
+    waveFormatEx->wFormatTag = waveFormatTag;
+    waveFormatEx->nChannels = (WORD)numChannels;
+    waveFormatEx->nSamplesPerSec = (DWORD)sampleRate;
+    waveFormatEx->nAvgBytesPerSec = waveFormatEx->nSamplesPerSec * bytesPerFrame;
+    waveFormatEx->nBlockAlign = (WORD)bytesPerFrame;
+    waveFormatEx->wBitsPerSample = bytesPerSample * 8;
+    waveFormatEx->cbSize = 0;
+}
+
+
+void PaWin_InitializeWaveFormatExtensible( PaWinWaveFormat *waveFormat,
+        int numChannels, PaSampleFormat sampleFormat, int waveFormatTag, double sampleRate,
+        PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask channelMask )
+{
+    WAVEFORMATEX *waveFormatEx = (WAVEFORMATEX*)waveFormat;
+    int bytesPerSample = Pa_GetSampleSize(sampleFormat);
+    unsigned long bytesPerFrame = numChannels * bytesPerSample;
+    GUID guid;
+
+    waveFormatEx->wFormatTag = WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE;
+    waveFormatEx->nChannels = (WORD)numChannels;
+    waveFormatEx->nSamplesPerSec = (DWORD)sampleRate;
+    waveFormatEx->nAvgBytesPerSec = waveFormatEx->nSamplesPerSec * bytesPerFrame;
+    waveFormatEx->nBlockAlign = (WORD)bytesPerFrame;
+    waveFormatEx->wBitsPerSample = bytesPerSample * 8;
+    waveFormatEx->cbSize = 22;
+
+    memcpy(&waveFormat->fields[PAWIN_INDEXOF_WVALIDBITSPERSAMPLE],
+        &waveFormatEx->wBitsPerSample, sizeof(WORD));
+
+    memcpy(&waveFormat->fields[PAWIN_INDEXOF_DWCHANNELMASK],
+        &channelMask, sizeof(DWORD));
+
+    guid = pawin_ksDataFormatSubtypeGuidBase;
+    guid.Data1 = (USHORT)waveFormatTag;
+    memcpy(&waveFormat->fields[PAWIN_INDEXOF_SUBFORMAT], &guid, sizeof(GUID));
+}
+
+PaWinWaveFormatChannelMask PaWin_DefaultChannelMask( int numChannels )
+{
+    switch( numChannels ){
+        case 1:
+            return PAWIN_SPEAKER_MONO;
+        case 2:
+            return PAWIN_SPEAKER_STEREO;
+        case 3:
+            return PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT;
+        case 4:
+            return PAWIN_SPEAKER_QUAD;
+        case 5:
+            return PAWIN_SPEAKER_QUAD | PAWIN_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER;
+        case 6:
+            /* The meaning of the PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1 flag has changed over time:
+                http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa474707.aspx
+               We use PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1 (not PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1_SURROUND)
+               because on some cards (eg Audigy) PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1_SURROUND
+               results in a virtual mixdown placing the rear output in the
+               front _and_ rear speakers.
+            */
+            return PAWIN_SPEAKER_5POINT1;
+        /* case 7: */
+        case 8:
+            /* RoBi: PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1_SURROUND fits normal surround sound setups better than PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1, f.i. NVidia HDMI Audio
+               output is silent on channels 5&6 with NVidia drivers, and channel 7&8 with Microsoft HD Audio driver using PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1.
+               With PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1_SURROUND both setups work OK. */
+            return PAWIN_SPEAKER_7POINT1_SURROUND;
+    }
+
+    /* Apparently some Audigy drivers will output silence
+       if the direct-out constant (0) is used. So this is not ideal.
+
+       RoBi 2012-12-19: Also, NVidia driver seem to output garbage instead. Again not very ideal.
+    */
+    return  PAWIN_SPEAKER_DIRECTOUT;
+
+    /* Note that Alec Rogers proposed the following as an alternate method to
+        generate the default channel mask, however it doesn't seem to be an improvement
+        over the above, since some drivers will matrix outputs mapping to non-present
+        speakers across multiple physical speakers.
+
+        if(nChannels==1) {
+            pwfFormat->dwChannelMask = SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER;
+        }
+        else {
+            pwfFormat->dwChannelMask = 0;
+            for(i=0; i<nChannels; i++)
+                pwfFormat->dwChannelMask = (pwfFormat->dwChannelMask << 1) | 0x1;
+        }
+    */
+}
diff --git a/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_wdmks_utils.c b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_wdmks_utils.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3373146
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_wdmks_utils.c
@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+/*
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Windows WDM KS utilities
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1999 - 2007 Andrew Baldwin, Ross Bencina
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <mmreg.h>
+#ifndef WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT
+    #define WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT 0x0003   // MinGW32 does not define this
+#endif
+#ifndef _WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE_
+    #define _WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE_          // MinGW32 does not define this
+#endif
+#ifndef _INC_MMREG
+    #define _INC_MMREG                      // for STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT
+#endif
+#include <winioctl.h>                       // MinGW32 does not define this automatically
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+
+#include "../../hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ks.h"
+#include "../../hostapi/wasapi/mingw-include/ksmedia.h"
+
+#else
+
+#include <ks.h>
+#include <ksmedia.h>
+
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>                          // just for some development printfs
+
+#include "portaudio.h"
+#include "pa_util.h"
+#include "pa_win_wdmks_utils.h"
+
+
+/* PortAudio-local instances of GUIDs previously sourced from ksguid.lib */
+
+/* GUID KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUDIO */
+static const GUID pa_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUDIO = { STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUDIO };
+
+/* GUID KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT */
+static const GUID pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT = { STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT };
+
+/* GUID KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM */
+static const GUID pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM = { STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM };
+
+/* GUID KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WAVEFORMATEX */
+static const GUID pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WAVEFORMATEX = { STATIC_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WAVEFORMATEX };
+
+/* GUID KSMEDIUMSETID_Standard */
+static const GUID pa_KSMEDIUMSETID_Standard = { STATIC_KSMEDIUMSETID_Standard };
+
+/* GUID KSINTERFACESETID_Standard */
+static const GUID pa_KSINTERFACESETID_Standard = { STATIC_KSINTERFACESETID_Standard };
+
+/* GUID KSPROPSETID_Pin */
+static const GUID pa_KSPROPSETID_Pin = { STATIC_KSPROPSETID_Pin };
+
+#define pa_IS_VALID_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(Guid)\
+    (!memcmp(((PUSHORT)&pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WAVEFORMATEX) + 1, ((PUSHORT)(Guid)) + 1, sizeof(GUID) - sizeof(USHORT)))
+
+
+static PaError WdmGetPinPropertySimple(
+    HANDLE  handle,
+    unsigned long pinId,
+    unsigned long property,
+    void* value,
+    unsigned long valueSize )
+{
+    DWORD bytesReturned;
+    KSP_PIN ksPProp;
+    ksPProp.Property.Set = pa_KSPROPSETID_Pin;
+    ksPProp.Property.Id = property;
+    ksPProp.Property.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_GET;
+    ksPProp.PinId = pinId;
+    ksPProp.Reserved = 0;
+
+    if( DeviceIoControl( handle, IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY, &ksPProp, sizeof(KSP_PIN),
+            value, valueSize, &bytesReturned, NULL ) == 0 || bytesReturned != valueSize )
+    {
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return paNoError;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static PaError WdmGetPinPropertyMulti(
+    HANDLE handle,
+    unsigned long pinId,
+    unsigned long property,
+    KSMULTIPLE_ITEM** ksMultipleItem)
+{
+    unsigned long multipleItemSize = 0;
+    KSP_PIN ksPProp;
+    DWORD bytesReturned;
+
+    *ksMultipleItem = 0;
+
+    ksPProp.Property.Set = pa_KSPROPSETID_Pin;
+    ksPProp.Property.Id = property;
+    ksPProp.Property.Flags = KSPROPERTY_TYPE_GET;
+    ksPProp.PinId = pinId;
+    ksPProp.Reserved = 0;
+
+    if( DeviceIoControl( handle, IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY, &ksPProp.Property,
+            sizeof(KSP_PIN), NULL, 0, &multipleItemSize, NULL ) == 0 && GetLastError() != ERROR_MORE_DATA )
+    {
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    }
+
+    *ksMultipleItem = (KSMULTIPLE_ITEM*)PaUtil_AllocateMemory( multipleItemSize );
+    if( !*ksMultipleItem )
+    {
+        return paInsufficientMemory;
+    }
+
+    if( DeviceIoControl( handle, IOCTL_KS_PROPERTY, &ksPProp, sizeof(KSP_PIN),
+            (void*)*ksMultipleItem,  multipleItemSize, &bytesReturned, NULL ) == 0 || bytesReturned != multipleItemSize )
+    {
+        PaUtil_FreeMemory( ksMultipleItem );
+        return paUnanticipatedHostError;
+    }
+
+    return paNoError;
+}
+
+
+static int GetKSFilterPinCount( HANDLE deviceHandle )
+{
+    DWORD result;
+
+    if( WdmGetPinPropertySimple( deviceHandle, 0, KSPROPERTY_PIN_CTYPES, &result, sizeof(result) ) == paNoError ){
+        return result;
+    }else{
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static KSPIN_COMMUNICATION GetKSFilterPinPropertyCommunication( HANDLE deviceHandle, int pinId )
+{
+    KSPIN_COMMUNICATION result;
+
+    if( WdmGetPinPropertySimple( deviceHandle, pinId, KSPROPERTY_PIN_COMMUNICATION, &result, sizeof(result) ) == paNoError ){
+        return result;
+    }else{
+        return KSPIN_COMMUNICATION_NONE;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static KSPIN_DATAFLOW GetKSFilterPinPropertyDataflow( HANDLE deviceHandle, int pinId )
+{
+    KSPIN_DATAFLOW result;
+
+    if( WdmGetPinPropertySimple( deviceHandle, pinId, KSPROPERTY_PIN_DATAFLOW, &result, sizeof(result) ) == paNoError ){
+        return result;
+    }else{
+        return (KSPIN_DATAFLOW)0;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static int KSFilterPinPropertyIdentifiersInclude(
+        HANDLE deviceHandle, int pinId, unsigned long property, const GUID *identifierSet, unsigned long identifierId  )
+{
+    KSMULTIPLE_ITEM* item = NULL;
+    KSIDENTIFIER* identifier;
+    int i;
+    int result = 0;
+
+    if( WdmGetPinPropertyMulti( deviceHandle, pinId, property, &item) != paNoError )
+        return 0;
+
+    identifier = (KSIDENTIFIER*)(item+1);
+
+    for( i = 0; i < (int)item->Count; i++ )
+    {
+        if( !memcmp( (void*)&identifier[i].Set, (void*)identifierSet, sizeof( GUID ) ) &&
+                ( identifier[i].Id == identifierId ) )
+        {
+            result = 1;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    PaUtil_FreeMemory( item );
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/* return the maximum channel count supported by any pin on the device.
+   if isInput is non-zero we query input pins, otherwise output pins.
+*/
+int PaWin_WDMKS_QueryFilterMaximumChannelCount( void *wcharDevicePath, int isInput )
+{
+    HANDLE deviceHandle;
+    ULONG i;
+    int pinCount, pinId;
+    int result = 0;
+    KSPIN_DATAFLOW requiredDataflowDirection = (isInput ? KSPIN_DATAFLOW_OUT : KSPIN_DATAFLOW_IN );
+
+    if( !wcharDevicePath )
+        return 0;
+
+    deviceHandle = CreateFileW( (LPCWSTR)wcharDevicePath, FILE_SHARE_READ|FILE_SHARE_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL );
+    if( deviceHandle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE )
+        return 0;
+
+    pinCount = GetKSFilterPinCount( deviceHandle );
+    for( pinId = 0; pinId < pinCount; ++pinId )
+    {
+        KSPIN_COMMUNICATION communication = GetKSFilterPinPropertyCommunication( deviceHandle, pinId );
+        KSPIN_DATAFLOW dataflow = GetKSFilterPinPropertyDataflow( deviceHandle, pinId );
+        if( ( dataflow == requiredDataflowDirection ) &&
+                (( communication == KSPIN_COMMUNICATION_SINK) ||
+                 ( communication == KSPIN_COMMUNICATION_BOTH))
+             && ( KSFilterPinPropertyIdentifiersInclude( deviceHandle, pinId,
+                    KSPROPERTY_PIN_INTERFACES, &pa_KSINTERFACESETID_Standard, KSINTERFACE_STANDARD_STREAMING )
+                || KSFilterPinPropertyIdentifiersInclude( deviceHandle, pinId,
+                    KSPROPERTY_PIN_INTERFACES, &pa_KSINTERFACESETID_Standard, KSINTERFACE_STANDARD_LOOPED_STREAMING ) )
+             && KSFilterPinPropertyIdentifiersInclude( deviceHandle, pinId,
+                    KSPROPERTY_PIN_MEDIUMS, &pa_KSMEDIUMSETID_Standard, KSMEDIUM_STANDARD_DEVIO ) )
+        {
+            KSMULTIPLE_ITEM* item = NULL;
+            if( WdmGetPinPropertyMulti( deviceHandle, pinId, KSPROPERTY_PIN_DATARANGES, &item ) == paNoError )
+            {
+                KSDATARANGE *dataRange = (KSDATARANGE*)(item+1);
+
+                for( i=0; i < item->Count; ++i ){
+
+                    if( pa_IS_VALID_WAVEFORMATEX_GUID(&dataRange->SubFormat)
+                            || memcmp( (void*)&dataRange->SubFormat, (void*)&pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM, sizeof(GUID) ) == 0
+                            || memcmp( (void*)&dataRange->SubFormat, (void*)&pa_KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT, sizeof(GUID) ) == 0
+                            || ( ( memcmp( (void*)&dataRange->MajorFormat, (void*)&pa_KSDATAFORMAT_TYPE_AUDIO, sizeof(GUID) ) == 0 )
+                                && ( memcmp( (void*)&dataRange->SubFormat, (void*)&KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_WILDCARD, sizeof(GUID) ) == 0 ) ) )
+                    {
+                        KSDATARANGE_AUDIO *dataRangeAudio = (KSDATARANGE_AUDIO*)dataRange;
+
+                        /*
+                        printf( ">>> %d %d %d %d %S\n", isInput, dataflow, communication, dataRangeAudio->MaximumChannels, devicePath );
+
+                        if( memcmp((void*)&dataRange->Specifier, (void*)&KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_WAVEFORMATEX, sizeof(GUID) ) == 0 )
+                            printf( "\tspecifier: KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_WAVEFORMATEX\n" );
+                        else if( memcmp((void*)&dataRange->Specifier, (void*)&KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DSOUND, sizeof(GUID) ) == 0 )
+                            printf( "\tspecifier: KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_DSOUND\n" );
+                        else if( memcmp((void*)&dataRange->Specifier, (void*)&KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_WILDCARD, sizeof(GUID) ) == 0 )
+                            printf( "\tspecifier: KSDATAFORMAT_SPECIFIER_WILDCARD\n" );
+                        else
+                            printf( "\tspecifier: ?\n" );
+                        */
+
+                        /*
+                            We assume that very high values for MaximumChannels are not useful and indicate
+                            that the driver isn't prepared to tell us the real number of channels which it supports.
+                        */
+                        if( dataRangeAudio->MaximumChannels  < 0xFFFFUL && (int)dataRangeAudio->MaximumChannels > result )
+                            result = (int)dataRangeAudio->MaximumChannels;
+                    }
+
+                    dataRange = (KSDATARANGE*)( ((char*)dataRange) + dataRange->FormatSize);
+                }
+
+                PaUtil_FreeMemory( item );
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    CloseHandle( deviceHandle );
+    return result;
+}
diff --git a/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_wdmks_utils.h b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_wdmks_utils.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f524cf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_win_wdmks_utils.h
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#ifndef PA_WIN_WDMKS_UTILS_H
+#define PA_WIN_WDMKS_UTILS_H
+
+/*
+ * PortAudio Portable Real-Time Audio Library
+ * Windows WDM KS utilities
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1999 - 2007 Ross Bencina, Andrew Baldwin
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @brief Utilities for working with the Windows WDM KS API
+*/
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/**
+    Query for the maximum number of channels supported by any pin of the
+    specified device. Returns 0 if the query fails for any reason.
+
+    @param wcharDevicePath A system level PnP interface path, supplied as a WCHAR unicode string.
+    Declared as void* to avoid introducing a dependency on wchar_t here.
+
+    @param isInput A flag specifying whether to query for input (non-zero) or output (zero) channels.
+*/
+int PaWin_WDMKS_QueryFilterMaximumChannelCount( void *wcharDevicePath, int isInput );
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif /* PA_WIN_WDMKS_UTILS_H */
diff --git a/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_x86_plain_converters.c b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_x86_plain_converters.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1096994
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_x86_plain_converters.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1218 @@
+/*
+ * Plain Intel IA32 assembly implementations of PortAudio sample converter functions.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup win_src
+*/
+
+#include "pa_x86_plain_converters.h"
+
+#include "pa_converters.h"
+#include "pa_dither.h"
+
+/*
+    the main reason these versions are faster than the equivalent C versions
+    is that float -> int casting is expensive in C on x86 because the rounding
+    mode needs to be changed for every cast. these versions only set
+    the rounding mode once outside the loop.
+
+    small additional speed gains are made by the way that clamping is
+    implemented.
+
+TODO:
+    o- inline dither code
+    o- implement Dither only (no-clip) versions
+    o- implement int8 and uint8 versions
+    o- test thoroughly
+
+    o- the packed 24 bit functions could benefit from unrolling and avoiding
+        byte and word sized register access.
+*/
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/*
+#define PA_CLIP_( val, min, max )\
+    { val = ((val) < (min)) ? (min) : (((val) > (max)) ? (max) : (val)); }
+*/
+
+/*
+    the following notes were used to determine whether a floating point
+    value should be saturated (ie >1 or <-1) by loading it into an integer
+    register. these should be rewritten so that they make sense.
+
+    an ieee floating point value
+
+    1.xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx?
+
+
+    is less than  or equal to 1 and greater than or equal to -1 either:
+
+        if the mantissa is 0 and the unbiased exponent is 0
+
+        OR
+
+        if the unbiased exponent < 0
+
+    this translates to:
+
+        if the mantissa is 0 and the biased exponent is 7F
+
+        or
+
+        if the biased exponent is less than 7F
+
+
+    therefore the value is greater than 1 or less than -1 if
+
+        the mantissa is not 0 and the biased exponent is 7F
+
+        or
+
+        if the biased exponent is greater than 7F
+
+
+    in other words, if we mask out the sign bit, the value is
+    greater than 1 or less than -1 if its integer representation is greater than:
+
+    0 01111111 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 000
+
+    0011 1111 1000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 => 0x3F800000
+*/
+
+#if defined(_WIN64) || defined(_WIN32_WCE)
+
+/*
+    -EMT64/AMD64 uses different asm
+    -VC2005 doesn't allow _WIN64 with inline assembly either!
+ */
+void PaUtil_InitializeX86PlainConverters( void )
+{
+}
+
+#else
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static const short fpuControlWord_ = 0x033F; /*round to nearest, 64 bit precision, all exceptions masked*/
+static const double int32Scaler_ = 0x7FFFFFFF;
+static const double ditheredInt32Scaler_ = 0x7FFFFFFE;
+static const double int24Scaler_ = 0x7FFFFF;
+static const double ditheredInt24Scaler_ = 0x7FFFFE;
+static const double int16Scaler_ = 0x7FFF;
+static const double ditheredInt16Scaler_ = 0x7FFE;
+
+#define PA_DITHER_BITS_   (15)
+/* Multiply by PA_FLOAT_DITHER_SCALE_ to get a float between -2.0 and +1.99999 */
+#define PA_FLOAT_DITHER_SCALE_  (1.0F / ((1<<PA_DITHER_BITS_)-1))
+static const float const_float_dither_scale_ = PA_FLOAT_DITHER_SCALE_;
+#define PA_DITHER_SHIFT_  ((32 - PA_DITHER_BITS_) + 1)
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int32(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+/*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed long *dest =  (signed long*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; // unused parameter
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        // REVIEW
+        double scaled = *src * 0x7FFFFFFF;
+        *dest = (signed long) scaled;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+*/
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32 and int32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     int32Scaler_            // stack:  (int)0x7FFFFFFF
+
+    Float32_To_Int32_loop:
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, (int)0x7FFFFFFF
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*0x7FFFFFFF, (int)0x7FFFFFFF
+        /*
+            note: we could store to a temporary qword here which would cause
+            wraparound distortion instead of int indefinite 0x10. that would
+            be more work, and given that not enabling clipping is only advisable
+            when you know that your signal isn't going to clip it isn't worth it.
+        */
+        fistp   dword ptr [edi]         // pop st(0) into dest, stack:  (int)0x7FFFFFFF
+
+        add     edi, ebx                // increment destination ptr
+        //lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int32_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int32_Clip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+/*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed long *dest =  (signed long*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void) ditherGenerator; // unused parameter
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        // REVIEW
+        double scaled = *src * 0x7FFFFFFF;
+        PA_CLIP_( scaled, -2147483648., 2147483647.  );
+        *dest = (signed long) scaled;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+*/
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32 and int32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     int32Scaler_            // stack:  (int)0x7FFFFFFF
+
+    Float32_To_Int32_Clip_loop:
+
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+
+        and     edx, 0x7FFFFFFF         // mask off sign
+        cmp     edx, 0x3F800000         // greater than 1.0 or less than -1.0
+
+        jg      Float32_To_Int32_Clip_clamp
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, (int)0x7FFFFFFF
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*0x7FFFFFFF, (int)0x7FFFFFFF
+        fistp   dword ptr [edi]         // pop st(0) into dest, stack:  (int)0x7FFFFFFF
+        jmp     Float32_To_Int32_Clip_stored
+
+    Float32_To_Int32_Clip_clamp:
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+        shr     edx, 31                 // move sign bit into bit 0
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        add     edx, 0x7FFFFFFF         // convert to maximum range integers
+        mov     dword ptr [edi], edx
+
+    Float32_To_Int32_Clip_stored:
+
+        //add     edi, ebx              // increment destination ptr
+        lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int32_Clip_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+    /*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed long *dest =  (signed long*)destinationBuffer;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        // REVIEW
+        double dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        // use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither
+        double dithered = ((double)*src * (2147483646.0)) + dither;
+        PA_CLIP_( dithered, -2147483648., 2147483647.  );
+        *dest = (signed long) dithered;
+
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+    */
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    // spill storage:
+    signed long sourceByteStride;
+    signed long highpassedDither;
+
+    // dither state:
+    unsigned long ditherPrevious = ditherGenerator->previous;
+    unsigned long ditherRandSeed1 = ditherGenerator->randSeed1;
+    unsigned long ditherRandSeed2 = ditherGenerator->randSeed2;
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32 and int32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     ditheredInt32Scaler_    // stack:  int scaler
+
+    Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip_loop:
+
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+
+        and     edx, 0x7FFFFFFF         // mask off sign
+        cmp     edx, 0x3F800000         // greater than 1.0 or less than -1.0
+
+        jg      Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip_clamp
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, int scaler
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*(int scaler), int scaler
+
+        /*
+        // call PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither with C calling convention
+        mov     sourceByteStride, eax   // save eax
+        mov     sourceEnd, ecx          // save ecx
+        push    ditherGenerator         // pass ditherGenerator parameter on stack
+        call    PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither  // stack:  dither, value*(int scaler), int scaler
+        pop     edx                     // clear parameter off stack
+        mov     ecx, sourceEnd          // restore ecx
+        mov     eax, sourceByteStride   // restore eax
+        */
+
+    // generate dither
+        mov     sourceByteStride, eax   // save eax
+        mov     edx, 196314165
+        mov     eax, ditherRandSeed1
+        mul     edx                     // eax:edx = eax * 196314165
+        //add     eax, 907633515
+        lea     eax, [eax+907633515]
+        mov     ditherRandSeed1, eax
+        mov     edx, 196314165
+        mov     eax, ditherRandSeed2
+        mul     edx                     // eax:edx = eax * 196314165
+        //add     eax, 907633515
+        lea     eax, [eax+907633515]
+        mov     edx, ditherRandSeed1
+        shr     edx, PA_DITHER_SHIFT_
+        mov     ditherRandSeed2, eax
+        shr     eax, PA_DITHER_SHIFT_
+        //add     eax, edx              // eax -> current
+        lea     eax, [eax+edx]
+        mov     edx, ditherPrevious
+        neg     edx
+        lea     edx, [eax+edx]          // highpass = current - previous
+        mov     highpassedDither, edx
+        mov     ditherPrevious, eax     // previous = current
+        mov     eax, sourceByteStride   // restore eax
+        fild    highpassedDither
+        fmul    const_float_dither_scale_
+    // end generate dither, dither signal in st(0)
+
+        faddp   st(1), st(0)            // stack: dither + value*(int scaler), int scaler
+        fistp   dword ptr [edi]         // pop st(0) into dest, stack:  int scaler
+        jmp     Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip_stored
+
+    Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip_clamp:
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+        shr     edx, 31                 // move sign bit into bit 0
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        add     edx, 0x7FFFFFFF         // convert to maximum range integers
+        mov     dword ptr [edi], edx
+
+    Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip_stored:
+
+        //add     edi, ebx              // increment destination ptr
+        lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+
+    ditherGenerator->previous = ditherPrevious;
+    ditherGenerator->randSeed1 = ditherRandSeed1;
+    ditherGenerator->randSeed2 = ditherRandSeed2;
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int24(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+/*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    signed long temp;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; // unused parameter
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        // convert to 32 bit and drop the low 8 bits
+        double scaled = *src * 0x7FFFFFFF;
+        temp = (signed long) scaled;
+
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 8);
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 16);
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 24);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride * 3;
+    }
+*/
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    signed long tempInt32;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 3                  // sizeof int24
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     int24Scaler_            // stack:  (int)0x7FFFFF
+
+    Float32_To_Int24_loop:
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, (int)0x7FFFFF
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*0x7FFFFF, (int)0x7FFFFF
+        fistp   tempInt32               // pop st(0) into tempInt32, stack:  (int)0x7FFFFF
+        mov     edx, tempInt32
+
+        mov     byte ptr [edi], DL
+        shr     edx, 8
+        //mov     byte ptr [edi+1], DL
+        //mov     byte ptr [edi+2], DH
+        mov     word ptr [edi+1], DX
+
+        //add     edi, ebx              // increment destination ptr
+        lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int24_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int24_Clip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+/*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    signed long temp;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; // unused parameter
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        // convert to 32 bit and drop the low 8 bits
+        double scaled = *src * 0x7FFFFFFF;
+        PA_CLIP_( scaled, -2147483648., 2147483647.  );
+        temp = (signed long) scaled;
+
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 8);
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 16);
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 24);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride * 3;
+    }
+*/
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    signed long tempInt32;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 3                  // sizeof int24
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     int24Scaler_            // stack:  (int)0x7FFFFF
+
+    Float32_To_Int24_Clip_loop:
+
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+
+        and     edx, 0x7FFFFFFF         // mask off sign
+        cmp     edx, 0x3F800000         // greater than 1.0 or less than -1.0
+
+        jg      Float32_To_Int24_Clip_clamp
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, (int)0x7FFFFF
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*0x7FFFFF, (int)0x7FFFFF
+        fistp   tempInt32               // pop st(0) into tempInt32, stack:  (int)0x7FFFFF
+        mov     edx, tempInt32
+        jmp     Float32_To_Int24_Clip_store
+
+    Float32_To_Int24_Clip_clamp:
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+        shr     edx, 31                 // move sign bit into bit 0
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        add     edx, 0x7FFFFF           // convert to maximum range integers
+
+    Float32_To_Int24_Clip_store:
+
+        mov     byte ptr [edi], DL
+        shr     edx, 8
+        //mov     byte ptr [edi+1], DL
+        //mov     byte ptr [edi+2], DH
+        mov     word ptr [edi+1], DX
+
+        //add     edi, ebx              // increment destination ptr
+        lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int24_Clip_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+/*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    unsigned char *dest = (unsigned char*)destinationBuffer;
+    signed long temp;
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        // convert to 32 bit and drop the low 8 bits
+
+        // FIXME: the dither amplitude here appears to be too small by 8 bits
+        double dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        // use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither
+        double dithered = ((double)*src * (2147483646.0)) + dither;
+        PA_CLIP_( dithered, -2147483648., 2147483647.  );
+
+        temp = (signed long) dithered;
+
+        dest[0] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 8);
+        dest[1] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 16);
+        dest[2] = (unsigned char)(temp >> 24);
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride * 3;
+    }
+*/
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    // spill storage:
+    signed long sourceByteStride;
+    signed long highpassedDither;
+
+    // dither state:
+    unsigned long ditherPrevious = ditherGenerator->previous;
+    unsigned long ditherRandSeed1 = ditherGenerator->randSeed1;
+    unsigned long ditherRandSeed2 = ditherGenerator->randSeed2;
+
+    signed long tempInt32;
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 3                  // sizeof int24
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     ditheredInt24Scaler_    // stack:  int scaler
+
+    Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip_loop:
+
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+
+        and     edx, 0x7FFFFFFF         // mask off sign
+        cmp     edx, 0x3F800000         // greater than 1.0 or less than -1.0
+
+        jg      Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip_clamp
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, int scaler
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*(int scaler), int scaler
+
+    /*
+        // call PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither with C calling convention
+        mov     sourceByteStride, eax   // save eax
+        mov     sourceEnd, ecx          // save ecx
+        push    ditherGenerator         // pass ditherGenerator parameter on stack
+        call    PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither  // stack:  dither, value*(int scaler), int scaler
+        pop     edx                     // clear parameter off stack
+        mov     ecx, sourceEnd          // restore ecx
+        mov     eax, sourceByteStride   // restore eax
+    */
+
+    // generate dither
+        mov     sourceByteStride, eax   // save eax
+        mov     edx, 196314165
+        mov     eax, ditherRandSeed1
+        mul     edx                     // eax:edx = eax * 196314165
+        //add     eax, 907633515
+        lea     eax, [eax+907633515]
+        mov     ditherRandSeed1, eax
+        mov     edx, 196314165
+        mov     eax, ditherRandSeed2
+        mul     edx                     // eax:edx = eax * 196314165
+        //add     eax, 907633515
+        lea     eax, [eax+907633515]
+        mov     edx, ditherRandSeed1
+        shr     edx, PA_DITHER_SHIFT_
+        mov     ditherRandSeed2, eax
+        shr     eax, PA_DITHER_SHIFT_
+        //add     eax, edx              // eax -> current
+        lea     eax, [eax+edx]
+        mov     edx, ditherPrevious
+        neg     edx
+        lea     edx, [eax+edx]          // highpass = current - previous
+        mov     highpassedDither, edx
+        mov     ditherPrevious, eax     // previous = current
+        mov     eax, sourceByteStride   // restore eax
+        fild    highpassedDither
+        fmul    const_float_dither_scale_
+    // end generate dither, dither signal in st(0)
+
+        faddp   st(1), st(0)            // stack: dither * value*(int scaler), int scaler
+        fistp   tempInt32               // pop st(0) into tempInt32, stack:  int scaler
+        mov     edx, tempInt32
+        jmp     Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip_store
+
+    Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip_clamp:
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+        shr     edx, 31                 // move sign bit into bit 0
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        add     edx, 0x7FFFFF           // convert to maximum range integers
+
+    Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip_store:
+
+        mov     byte ptr [edi], DL
+        shr     edx, 8
+        //mov     byte ptr [edi+1], DL
+        //mov     byte ptr [edi+2], DH
+        mov     word ptr [edi+1], DX
+
+        //add     edi, ebx              // increment destination ptr
+        lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+
+    ditherGenerator->previous = ditherPrevious;
+    ditherGenerator->randSeed1 = ditherRandSeed1;
+    ditherGenerator->randSeed2 = ditherRandSeed2;
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int16(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+/*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed short *dest =  (signed short*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; // unused parameter
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+
+        short samp = (short) (*src * (32767.0f));
+        *dest = samp;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+*/
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx                // source byte stride
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi                // source end ptr = count * source byte stride + source ptr
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 2                  // sizeof int16
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx                // destination byte stride
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     int16Scaler_            // stack:  (int)0x7FFF
+
+    Float32_To_Int16_loop:
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, (int)0x7FFF
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*0x7FFF, (int)0x7FFF
+        fistp   word ptr [edi]          // store scaled int into dest, stack:  (int)0x7FFF
+
+        add     edi, ebx                // increment destination ptr
+        //lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int16_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int16_Clip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+/*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed short *dest =  (signed short*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; // unused parameter
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+        long samp = (signed long) (*src * (32767.0f));
+        PA_CLIP_( samp, -0x8000, 0x7FFF );
+        *dest = (signed short) samp;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+*/
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    (void) ditherGenerator; /* unused parameter */
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx                // source byte stride
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi                // source end ptr = count * source byte stride + source ptr
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 2                  // sizeof int16
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx                // destination byte stride
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     int16Scaler_            // stack:  (int)0x7FFF
+
+    Float32_To_Int16_Clip_loop:
+
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+
+        and     edx, 0x7FFFFFFF         // mask off sign
+        cmp     edx, 0x3F800000         // greater than 1.0 or less than -1.0
+
+        jg      Float32_To_Int16_Clip_clamp
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, (int)0x7FFF
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*0x7FFF, (int)0x7FFF
+        fistp   word ptr [edi]          // store scaled int into dest, stack:  (int)0x7FFF
+        jmp     Float32_To_Int16_Clip_stored
+
+    Float32_To_Int16_Clip_clamp:
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+        shr     edx, 31                 // move sign bit into bit 0
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        add     dx, 0x7FFF              // convert to maximum range integers
+        mov     word ptr [edi], dx      // store clamped into into dest
+
+    Float32_To_Int16_Clip_stored:
+
+        add     edi, ebx                // increment destination ptr
+        //lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int16_Clip_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static void Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip(
+    void *destinationBuffer, signed int destinationStride,
+    void *sourceBuffer, signed int sourceStride,
+    unsigned int count, PaUtilTriangularDitherGenerator *ditherGenerator )
+{
+/*
+    float *src = (float*)sourceBuffer;
+    signed short *dest =  (signed short*)destinationBuffer;
+    (void)ditherGenerator; // unused parameter
+
+    while( count-- )
+    {
+
+        float dither  = PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither( ditherGenerator );
+        // use smaller scaler to prevent overflow when we add the dither
+        float dithered = (*src * (32766.0f)) + dither;
+        signed long samp = (signed long) dithered;
+        PA_CLIP_( samp, -0x8000, 0x7FFF );
+        *dest = (signed short) samp;
+
+        src += sourceStride;
+        dest += destinationStride;
+    }
+*/
+
+    short savedFpuControlWord;
+
+    // spill storage:
+    signed long sourceByteStride;
+    signed long highpassedDither;
+
+    // dither state:
+    unsigned long ditherPrevious = ditherGenerator->previous;
+    unsigned long ditherRandSeed1 = ditherGenerator->randSeed1;
+    unsigned long ditherRandSeed2 = ditherGenerator->randSeed2;
+
+    __asm{
+        // esi -> source ptr
+        // eax -> source byte stride
+        // edi -> destination ptr
+        // ebx -> destination byte stride
+        // ecx -> source end ptr
+        // edx -> temp
+
+        mov     esi, sourceBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 4                  // sizeof float32
+        mov     eax, sourceStride
+        imul    eax, edx                // source byte stride
+
+        mov     ecx, count
+        imul    ecx, eax
+        add     ecx, esi                // source end ptr = count * source byte stride + source ptr
+
+        mov     edi, destinationBuffer
+
+        mov     edx, 2                  // sizeof int16
+        mov     ebx, destinationStride
+        imul    ebx, edx                // destination byte stride
+
+        fwait
+        fstcw   savedFpuControlWord
+        fldcw   fpuControlWord_
+
+        fld     ditheredInt16Scaler_    // stack:  int scaler
+
+    Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip_loop:
+
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+
+        and     edx, 0x7FFFFFFF         // mask off sign
+        cmp     edx, 0x3F800000         // greater than 1.0 or less than -1.0
+
+        jg      Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip_clamp
+
+        // load unscaled value into st(0)
+        fld     dword ptr [esi]         // stack:  value, int scaler
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        fmul    st(0), st(1)            // st(0) *= st(1), stack:  value*(int scaler), int scaler
+
+        /*
+        // call PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither with C calling convention
+        mov     sourceByteStride, eax   // save eax
+        mov     sourceEnd, ecx          // save ecx
+        push    ditherGenerator         // pass ditherGenerator parameter on stack
+        call    PaUtil_GenerateFloatTriangularDither  // stack:  dither, value*(int scaler), int scaler
+        pop     edx                     // clear parameter off stack
+        mov     ecx, sourceEnd          // restore ecx
+        mov     eax, sourceByteStride   // restore eax
+        */
+
+    // generate dither
+        mov     sourceByteStride, eax   // save eax
+        mov     edx, 196314165
+        mov     eax, ditherRandSeed1
+        mul     edx                     // eax:edx = eax * 196314165
+        //add     eax, 907633515
+        lea     eax, [eax+907633515]
+        mov     ditherRandSeed1, eax
+        mov     edx, 196314165
+        mov     eax, ditherRandSeed2
+        mul     edx                     // eax:edx = eax * 196314165
+        //add     eax, 907633515
+        lea     eax, [eax+907633515]
+        mov     edx, ditherRandSeed1
+        shr     edx, PA_DITHER_SHIFT_
+        mov     ditherRandSeed2, eax
+        shr     eax, PA_DITHER_SHIFT_
+        //add     eax, edx              // eax -> current
+        lea     eax, [eax+edx]          // current = randSeed1>>x + randSeed2>>x
+        mov     edx, ditherPrevious
+        neg     edx
+        lea     edx, [eax+edx]          // highpass = current - previous
+        mov     highpassedDither, edx
+        mov     ditherPrevious, eax     // previous = current
+        mov     eax, sourceByteStride   // restore eax
+        fild    highpassedDither
+        fmul    const_float_dither_scale_
+    // end generate dither, dither signal in st(0)
+
+        faddp   st(1), st(0)            // stack: dither * value*(int scaler), int scaler
+        fistp   word ptr [edi]          // store scaled int into dest, stack:  int scaler
+        jmp     Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip_stored
+
+    Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip_clamp:
+        mov     edx, dword ptr [esi]    // load floating point value into integer register
+        shr     edx, 31                 // move sign bit into bit 0
+        add     esi, eax                // increment source ptr
+        //lea     esi, [esi+eax]
+        add     dx, 0x7FFF              // convert to maximum range integers
+        mov     word ptr [edi], dx      // store clamped into into dest
+
+    Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip_stored:
+
+        add     edi, ebx                // increment destination ptr
+        //lea     edi, [edi+ebx]
+
+        cmp     esi, ecx                // has src ptr reached end?
+        jne     Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip_loop
+
+        ffree   st(0)
+        fincstp
+
+        fwait
+        fnclex
+        fldcw   savedFpuControlWord
+    }
+
+    ditherGenerator->previous = ditherPrevious;
+    ditherGenerator->randSeed1 = ditherRandSeed1;
+    ditherGenerator->randSeed2 = ditherRandSeed2;
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+void PaUtil_InitializeX86PlainConverters( void )
+{
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int32 = Float32_To_Int32;
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int32_Clip = Float32_To_Int32_Clip;
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip = Float32_To_Int32_DitherClip;
+
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int24 = Float32_To_Int24;
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int24_Clip = Float32_To_Int24_Clip;
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip = Float32_To_Int24_DitherClip;
+
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int16 = Float32_To_Int16;
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int16_Clip = Float32_To_Int16_Clip;
+    paConverters.Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip = Float32_To_Int16_DitherClip;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
diff --git a/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_x86_plain_converters.h b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_x86_plain_converters.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8914ed1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portaudio/src/os/win/pa_x86_plain_converters.h
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Plain Intel IA32 assembly implementations of PortAudio sample converter functions.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Ross Bencina, Phil Burk
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+ * a copy of this software and associated documentation files
+ * (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
+ * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+ * publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
+ * and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
+ * CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The text above constitutes the entire PortAudio license; however,
+ * the PortAudio community also makes the following non-binding requests:
+ *
+ * Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
+ * requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
+ * they can be incorporated into the canonical version. It is also
+ * requested that these non-binding requests be included along with the
+ * license above.
+ */
+
+/** @file
+ @ingroup win_src
+*/
+
+#ifndef PA_X86_PLAIN_CONVERTERS_H
+#define PA_X86_PLAIN_CONVERTERS_H
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+
+/**
+ @brief Install optimized converter functions suitable for all IA32 processors
+
+ It is recommended to call PaUtil_InitializeX86PlainConverters prior to calling Pa_Initialize
+*/
+void PaUtil_InitializeX86PlainConverters( void );
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+#endif /* PA_X86_PLAIN_CONVERTERS_H */